A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a production method that adapts seamlessly to changes in the type and quantity of products manufactured. Machines and computer systems can be configured to handle a variety of parts and production levels, making your factory floor more adaptable and efficient.
Key Insights
- An FMS is designed to swiftly adapt to changes in the production of goods.
- Production is largely automated, minimizing labor costs while maximizing efficiency.
- Initial setup is more costly and complex, requiring expert technicians.
Understanding a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)
FMS enhances efficiency and lowers production costs, crucial elements in business development. By facilitating a make-to-order strategy, it allows for customized products and minimal inventory holdings. This flexibility, though, comes with higher initial costs due to specialized equipment requirements.
The concept of FMS was pioneered by Jerome H. Lemelson (1923-1997), an American industrial engineer and inventor. Lemelson’s conceptual robot-based system could perform functions like welding, riveting, conveying, and inspection. Though initially theoretical, FMS became tangible in the late 1960s, flourishing in both U.S. and European factories.
An FMS usually includes interconnected workstations equipped with computer terminals. These systems manage end-to-end production processes such as:
- Loading and unloading
- Machining and assembly
- Storage
- Quality testing
- Data processing
Programming allows for automatic adjustments between different sets and quantities of products, making customization easier.
The Advantages and Setbacks of FMS
Benefits
- Production Efficiency: Reduce downtime as the production line doesn’t need halts for product transitions.
- Cost Efficiency: While initial setup is expensive, enhanced automation results in reduced labor costs in the long run.
Drawbacks
- High Up-front Costs: Requires substantial investment in both machinery and technical expertise.
- Initial Complexity: Significant time and thought required in planning the system to cover future production needs.
How Does an FMS Operate?
FMS can be arranged in multiple configurations, the hallmark being its adaptability. Commonly, it includes interconnected workstations for comprehensive product creation handling functions from loading to quality testing through to data processing. The system is capable of swiftly shifting its workflow between different product sets and quantities without manual intervention.
History of FMS - The Inventor’s Vision
Jerome H. Lemelson, an acclaimed American industrial engineer and inventor, is well-recognized for conceiving the idea of flexible manufacturing. Lemelson’s design revolved around a robotic system performing multiple functions effortlessly. The concept materialized in the late 1960s and gained traction in the 1970s, transforming factory floors across the U.S. and Europe.
Related Terms: make-to-order, production costs, labor costs, end-to-end manufacturing, production efficiency.
References
- Software Connect. “What Are Flexible Manufacturing Systems and How Can You Use It?”
- University of Kentucky. “Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)”.
- NNDB. “Jerome H. Lemelson”.
