A cover letter is a written document typically submitted with a job application outlining the candidate’s credentials and interest in the position. Since a cover letter is often one of only two documents sent to a potential employer, a well-crafted letter can significantly influence whether the applicant is called for an interview.
Key Takeaways
- A cover letter outlines the applicant’s credentials and interest in the position.
- A good cover letter complements the resume and explains why the candidate is perfect for the job.
- Common cover letter mistakes can harm a job application.
Unlocking the Power of Cover Letters
In today’s digital age, most job applications are submitted online without the need for physical copies. Applicants send a resume along with a cover letter either by email or through an online application form. While a resume offers a snapshot of professional and academic experience, the cover letter provides a personal narrative of the applicant’s interest in the role and suitability for the position.
A well-crafted cover letter complements the resume by expanding on elements relevant to the job. It serves as a personalized sales pitch that communicates why the applicant is the best fit. Career experts advise tailoring each cover letter to the specific job to stand out from the competition, an effort that often pays dividends.
The cover letter also offers insights into the candidate as a professional and individual. It showcases their interests, goals, skills, achievements, and aspirations, encapsulating why they are a valuable asset to the organization. Ideally, a cover letter should be a one-page document that succinctly explains what makes the candidate the perfect choice for the position and highlights the cultural fit.
Different Types of Cover Letters
While there is no universal template, the type of cover letter you write will depend on the application requirements of the respective company or employer.
- Application Cover Letter: Responds to a specific vacancy posted on a company’s website or job board. It may highlight relevant experience or skills based on the job ad’s requirements.
- Referral Cover Letter: Includes the name of a colleague or employee who referred the applicant. A strong referral can help you stand out.
- Prospecting Cover Letter: Also known as a letter of interest, it’s addressed to a company where the applicant would like to work, inquiring about open positions without targeting a specific role.
How to Write an Effective Cover Letter
When employers request a cover letter, they might provide specific guidelines, such as addressing certain questions or adhering to a word limit. It’s crucial to follow these guidelines, as they demonstrate your ability to follow instructions.
If no specific guidelines are provided, aim for a cover letter that is about a page long. Start with a formal greeting, include your contact information, links to your portfolio or work, and highlight your unique skills and fit for the position. A well-written cover letter can make a notable difference, even if your resume lacks certain qualities the employer is seeking.
Remember to keep it concise. Examiners will quickly review cover letters, so a few paragraphs highlighting your key skills and reasons for applying should suffice.
Tips for Happily Writing a Cover Letter
- Personalize for Each Role: Avoid generic letters. Customize each cover letter for the position, showcasing your strengths and explaining your suitability.
- Include Contact Information: Research and address the letter to the hiring manager if possible. Always include your contact details.
- Simplify Your Message: Use clear and concise language. Complex wording can be off-putting.
- Be Specific: Instead of rehashing your resume, quantify your accomplishments and highlight relevance to the job.
- Proofread Meticulously: Check for errors multiple times. Have someone else review it.
Practical Tips for Avoiding Common Blunders
- Names Matter: Correctly spell the names of the hiring manager, company, and even yours. This attention to detail is crucial.
- Avoid Resume Restatement: Use the cover letter to complement your resume, not repeat it.
- Keep It Concise: Recruiters often read through numerous applications, so keep your letter short and to the point.
- Stay On Topic: Only include relevant information to the job at hand.
- Avoid Arrogance: Confidence is key, but avoid coming off as arrogant. Balance talking about accomplishments without excessive self-praise.
- Consistent Style: Ensure stylistic and grammatical consistency.
- Design with Care: Make your cover letter visually appealing but professional.
Ideal Cover Letter Length
A typical cover letter should be around three or four paragraphs, highlighting any unique experience or achievements that make the applicant stand out for the role. Lengthy letters can be detrimental.
Proper Initiation and Content of a Cover Letter
Start with a formal greeting addressed to the hiring manager. If the recipient is unknown, use a generic address such as
Related Terms: job application, resume writing, interview tips, career development.
References
- Harvard Extension School. “Resources and Cover Letters: An Extension School Resource”, Pages 3 and 5.
- Harvard Extension School. “Resources and Cover Letters: An Extension School Resource”, Page 5.
- Jobscan. “Cover Letter Formats”.
- Indeed. “What Is a Cover Letter?”
- Indeed. “How to Address a Cover Letter (With Examples).”
